PH BUFFER SOLUTIONS

A pH buffer solution is an aqueous mixture that resists significant changes in pH when small amounts of an acid or base are added to it or when it id diluted.

Buffers maintain a stable pH by establishing a chemical equilibrium between a weak chemical species and its conjugate partner.

They typically consist of weak acid paired with its conjugate base or weak base paired with its conjugate acid. 

Types of Buffers

Acidic Buffers. These maintain a pH environment below 7. 

Alkaline Buffers. These maintain a pH environment  above 7.

Primary Applications

In laboratory and industrial settings, commercially prepared buffer kits are standard reference materials used to calibrate pH meters and electrodes to ensure accurate readings.

In biological systems, buffers are vital for life. It keeps human body tightly regulated between a pH of 7.35 and 7.45 ensuring enzymes function properly.